IMPACT OF SILICON IMPREGNATING COMPOSITION ON DURABILITY OF NATURAL STONE

Abstract

Purpose. Definition of flexural and compression strength indexes of the natural porous nonmetallic materials impregnated with two - and ternary mixes of organic silicon compounds and the quantitative assessment of influence of the researched structures on the mechanical durability of natural stone.

Methodology. Characteristics of durability were determined by the practical standards taking into account allowances for the sizes. Assessment of influence extent of saturating compositions on mechanical strength of a natural stone was carried out as by results of direct delimitations of flexural and compression strength, and on the relative changes in comparison with a starting material.

Findings. Two - and ternary mixes on the basis of alkali metals silikonats and a hydrolysate of ethylsilicate were developed which were used for impregnation of porous nonmetallic materials. It is established that summary concentration of the impregnating solutions does not exceed 5 mass % in terms of a solids content. The most efficient organic silicon impregnating compositions for porous natural silicates (tuff, sandstone) and carbonates are defined (limestone, a Coquina). It is established that for the impregnated carbonates the relative change of flexural strength can be increased 2,1 – 3,6 times, and for compression –4.4 – 13,2 times. For the impregnated silicates these indexes are respectively 2,2 - 2,4 and 2,6 – 10,3 times.

Originality. The assessment of results of binary and ternary structures of organic silicon impregnating compositions use to increase durability of a porous natural stone is carried out.

The practical value. The developed structures of organic silicon compounds can be used for impregnation of natural porous materials used in construction to increase their mechanical durability. Combination of the specified materials in the complex impregnating solutions opens the complete opportunities of significant improvement of physics and technology properties of nonmetallic materials.